spritzpuzzlewhistl.sbs

Purpose, method and source register

Behind the Review

We write for coaches and performance analysts who want a clearer explanation, not just another number.

Independent of the equipment

Spritzpuzzlewhistl is an informative publication about technology used to study swimming technique and efficiency. Our organising question is simple: what does this method add to a coaching decision?

We do not sell testing equipment, provide athlete diagnoses or claim affiliation with the research groups and governing bodies cited here. References are starting points for scrutiny, not endorsements of this publication.

Training lanes and swimmers in a pool illuminated by daylight
The pool remains the context. A device reading is one part of the session.

How we frame evidence

We define the measured quantity, identify the test conditions and separate observation from inference. We distinguish methodological principles from practical suggestions. A study in one group or protocol does not establish a universal coaching prescription.

How we handle corrections

If a definition, reference or interpretation appears wrong, send the page address and a specific explanation. Where possible, include a primary source. We review substantive corrections and update the relevant wording rather than defending an attractive headline.

Contact the editorial desk

Evidence behind the observations

A working source register

The following organisations, researchers and methodological references inform the subjects covered here. Research links lead to targeted PubMed records or searches; consult the actual paper, population and methods before applying a finding. A search listing is not itself a systematic review.

  1. World Aquatics — Competition Regulations. Primary reference for current stroke, start, turn and underwater requirements.
  2. Swim England. National competitive-swimming context and guidance.
  3. Aquatics GB. British elite aquatic-sport context.
  4. Australian Institute of Sport. Applied high-performance sport and athlete-support context.
  5. USA Swimming. Coaching and competitive-swimming resources.
  6. Didier Chollet, Sébastien Chalies and Jean-Claude Chatard. Defining front-crawl coordination through temporal relationships.
  7. H. M. Toussaint. Propelling efficiency, resistance and the mechanics of swimming.
  8. Sergei Kolmogorov and Olga Duplishcheva. Active-drag estimation and the assumptions of velocity perturbation.
  9. João Paulo Vilas-Boas. Swimming biomechanics and interpretation of propulsive and resistive factors.
  10. Julien Vantorre and Ludovic Seifert, with Didier Chollet. Start biomechanics, coordination and performance constraints.
  11. David P. Veiga and colleagues. Competition analysis and the contribution of race phases.
  12. Tiago M. Barbosa. Connections between energetics and swimming biomechanics.
  13. J. Martin Bland and Douglas Altman. Agreement between measurement methods, beyond correlation.
  14. William G. Hopkins. Reliability and interpretation of sports measurements.
  15. Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology. The International Vocabulary of Metrology and guidance on measurement uncertainty.
  16. Information Commissioner's Office. UK data-protection guidance relevant to identifiable athlete records and video.

The register names research contributors and institutions because methods have a history. It does not imply that any named person reviewed this website. For practical questions, start with the poolside answers; for a specific correction, use the enquiry tool.